Pears are a favorite of many fruit trees and are grown in many gardens. Varietal diversity is difficult, if not impossible, to describe. One of the most popular and demanded varieties is the Bergamot pear, this popularity is due to the large number of subspecies, unpretentious cultivation and regular abundant fruiting. A characteristic feature of the fruit is a slightly flattened shape. This variety simply cannot be disliked due to its high adaptive ability and resistance to temperature extremes.

Description and characteristics of the variety

The Bergamot variety belongs to the autumn, which is why it is in demand among agronomists. There are a small number of autumn varieties. The seedlings are growing rapidly, adapting to private gardens and nurseries. Breeders position this variety as vigorous. The crone is characterized by a pyramidal shape, it is thick. The branches are long and thin, the leaves have an unusual boat shape. The height of the tree reaches 6 meters. The duration of fruiting and life of a fruit tree is average.

The tree begins to bear fruit late, 7-9 years after planting. Optimal conditions for development and fruiting are a mild climate, the absence of severe winter frosts and winds. Cold hardiness indicators are relative.

Pear Bergamot

Important! The critical temperature mark is -20 degrees, in this case the tree dies.

Harvest time is usually in early September. From each adult tree, subject to agrotechnical rules, it is possible to collect up to 150 kg of pears.

Fruits are characterized by small size, rounded shape, slightly flattened on the sides. The pulp has a rich characteristic aroma; it is white in color with a yellow tint. The crop must be harvested as it ripens. When overripe, the structure of the fruit becomes mealy, the taste deteriorates. This culture is famous for its high content of nutrients in fruits. They are recommended to enrich the diet for diseases of the genitourinary system, pancreas and liver. The advantage of the fruits is that they can be transported over long distances.

Varieties of pear

  • Pear bergamot Moscow; Description: Trees of this variety have a compact crown, average foliage. The leaves are oblong-oval, medium-sized fruits have a flattened-rounded shape, green color. The pulp is of medium density, coarse and juicy. If pears are stored for a long time, sourness and astringent properties increase in taste. The plant bears the first fruits after 4 years; from one trunk, subject to the rules of agricultural technology, it is possible to collect up to 20 kg of pears.
  • Autumn Bergamot is a popular variety among gardeners. Mature trees reach medium height, the crown is characterized by a pyramidal shape, the branches are short and slightly pubescent. The leaves are pointed and elongated. The shelf life of mature fruits is about three weeks, their weight is approximately 80 g, the flesh is loose. A significant advantage is a high cold resistance index. The culture begins to bear fruit in 7-8 years. The pears are round, greenish-yellowish in color, with small dots. On the sunny side, a tan develops as it matures. The pulp has a sweet wine taste, the consistency is loose.
  • Bergamot nutmeg has distinctive features: the diameter of the crown of an adult tree can reach 12 meters, the height is also impressive.This variety bears fruit very abundantly, about 250 kg of pears are harvested from one tree. It is worth noting that the variety bears excellent fruit even at 60 years old. The time to harvest is right in August, the fruits are yellowish and have an oblong shape. Excellent taste, the flesh is colored creamy.

Note:all varieties of bergamot pears are of particular interest to wasps, and their fruits quickly overripe.

Agricultural rules

Pear Elena

The optimal place for planting a Bergamot seedling is illuminated areas on a hill. From the soil, it is better to give preference to chernozems and loams.

Landing Algorithm:

  1. The landing pit must be prepared in advance. Based on the parameters of the root system, the dimensions of the depression will be taken (as a rule, the depth is 40-50 cm, and the diameter is 70-85 cm).
  2. Fertilizer is applied in the form of a mixture of soil with ash, superphosphate, humus and peat.
  3. A peg is driven into either side of the center to tie up a fragile tree. Otherwise, under the influence of gusts of wind and under its own weight, the seedling is deformed.
  4. The seedling is lowered into the pit, the root system is carefully straightened. As the pit falls asleep, the soil is compacted so that cavities do not form between the roots. The root collar should be located 5-7 cm above the ground.

Growing

Important:the optimal time for planting is the end of April or the first half of autumn, preferably in October.

Tree pruning

Sanitary pruning is carried out in order to form the correct shape of the crown and its thinning, as well as to remove old, non-fruiting, dry, damaged and frozen branches. You can start pruning when the air temperature is above +5 degrees.

There are two methods of pruning Bergamot trees:

  • Removal of annual growths and tops of branches. Thanks to this approach, it is possible to control the upward extension of the tree, stimulating the growth of lateral shoots.
  • Thinning method, which consists in pruning growth branches at their base. This allows for an even distribution of sunlight throughout the crown, improves air circulation. As a result, fruiting increases and the tree becomes less vulnerable to fungal diseases.

Watering and fertilizing

This variety is drought-resistant, therefore it is tolerant to droughts. Watering requirements may differ depending on the region where the tree grows.

In the first years of life, seedlings need abundant watering. The optimal amount is 3-4 times during the growing season, each time at least 20-30 liters.

Care

Note:the first watering is recommended before the start of the growth of the ovary, all subsequent times - during the remaining growing season.

It is very important to water the plant properly. In no case should water be poured onto the root collar. A groove should be formed around the barrel. The soil should be moistened to a depth of half a meter.

Important:the last watering is water-charging and is carried out in late autumn during the fall of leaves.

Advantages and disadvantages

Pear Chizhovskaya

Each subspecies has its own individual characteristics. The general advantages of the variety include:

  • Excellent taste of the fruit.
  • High adaptive abilities.
  • Unpretentious care.
  • The versatility of the use of fruits, they are consumed fresh, and also used for processing.
  • Wood is actively used for the production of furniture.

The main disadvantages are:

  • All subspecies of the Bergamot variety are not fast-growing.
  • Poor resistance to fungal diseases, especially scab.

Bergamot pear variety is unusual due to the large number of subspecies. However, it is not difficult to grow these fruit trees, it is enough to familiarize yourself with the rules of planting and agricultural technology.