Once the most common cherry variety in Russian orchards was Vladimirskaya. But recently, younger varieties are gaining popularity. They are distinguished by early ripening periods, good yields and excellent fruit taste. One of these varieties is Morozova's dessert cherry.

A quick reference about culture

Morozovoy dessert cherry is a frost-resistant early ripening variety, bred specifically for the northern regions of Russia. This variety has a high yield, and the berries have a pronounced sweet taste. At the moment it is very popular due to its unpretentious care and the ability to tolerate sudden changes in temperature well.

The history of the creation of the variety

Kharitonovskaya cherry

The breeders initially set themselves the task of developing an unpretentious, but fruitful variety with a high degree of winter hardiness.

This cherry variety got its name in honor of the scientist-breeder T.V. Morozova. This species received official recognition only in 1997, when it was entered in the All-Russian register. It was created on the basis of the famous Vladimir cherry. Also, the variety Griot Ostgeimsky was used in the selection. The hybrid was bred at the Michurin Institute.

Dessert Morozovskaya cherry

Frost resistance

This tree is able to withstand severe frosts, as well as sudden changes in temperature: a sudden thaw or an unexpected cold snap.

Cherry Nord Star

It is possible to grow Morozova dessert cherries in climatic zones with winter temperatures up to minus 40 degrees.

Important! The plant does not tolerate moisture and drought very well. A good harvest in arid regions is possible only with abundant watering.

Yield

Cherry Prima

This cherry variety belongs to early maturing. Also, among its main characteristics, a high yield is indicated.

Typically, fruiting begins four years (less often three) after planting. Compared to other varieties that bear fruit in mid-July, the berries ripen much earlier. They reach full maturity around the third decade of June. The yield is from 30 to 40 kg of berries from one adult plant. The fruits ripen together, so it is very convenient to collect them.

Cherry seedlings

Flowering features

The plant begins to bloom in mid to late May. The flowering period is just over a week.

But if the spring is cloudy, the process can drag on for 14 days. The variety is formally self-pollinated, but in this case, you should not expect a yield of more than 20% of the total volume of ovaries. For effective pollination, trees should be planted in groups. For this, the Vladimirskaya variety, familiar to all amateur gardeners, is ideal. Student is also considered a good pollinator.

Other pollinators include the following varieties:

  • Shubinka;
  • Griot Rossoshansky;
  • Griot Ostheimsky;
  • Griot Belarusian.

During flowering, it is necessary to increase watering, since during this period the plant is especially vulnerable to drought. Before buds are set on the cherry, it is necessary to carry out iodine treatment (spraying). After the flowering period is over, spraying with manganese is carried out.

Bloom

Tree options

You can find out Morozova's dessert cherry by the following features:

  • The height of an adult tree is about 3 m. Some specimens reach 3.5 m in height, but this parameter does not affect the yield;
  • The shape of the crown is spherical, with dense spreading branches. To maintain the correct crown shape, timely pruning is necessary;
  • The color of the leaves is light green. The surface is matt. A sharp darkening and deformation of leaves can signal a lack of nutrients;
  • The shape of the leaves is ovoid.

During flowering, a large number of small white flowers with a pronounced sweet aroma appear on the plant. Flowers have round petals, several flowers form one inflorescence.

Fetal parameters

Dessert cherries are a bit like the cherries growing in the southern regions of Russia. You can recognize them by the following characteristics:

  • Weight - from 4 to 6 g. If the plant has enough moisture, the fruits grow large. If the tree suffers from a lack of watering, the fruits will be small and sour, like wild cherries;
  • Size - berries reach 1 cm in diameter;
  • Shape - spherical;
  • The color of the outer part and the pulp is maroon;
  • The pulp is firm enough. Loose pulp is found in fruits affected by pests. Also, fruits with loose pulp grow on trees affected by viral and bacterial infections. Such fruits have low nutritional value and sour taste;
  • The color of the stone is light brown, yellowish brown;
  • The ratio of the proportion of bone and pulp in the fruit: the bone occupies 1 \ 27 of the total volume of the fruit.

Large cherry fruit

The stone is easily separated from the pulp, which is why this variety is often used for making cherry jam. It is no coincidence that this cherry is called dessert: its fruits have a pronounced sweet taste, without the sourness inherent in other varieties. However, if the plant lacks moisture, the fruits can be acidic.

The chemical composition of the fetus

The fruits of the Morozovaya dessert cherry are rich in vitamins, minerals and other nutrients. This is a delicious and healthy dessert for children and adults. The chemical composition of the fetus includes:

  • Glucose;
  • Fructose;
  • Tartaric and salicylic acids;
  • Tannins.

Professional tasters rate the taste of berries at 4.6 points on a 5-point scale, which is explained by the high percentage of sugar (12%).

The chemical composition of the fetus

Planting and watering

This variety will not grow in acidic or swampy soil. Slightly alkaline or neutral soil works well. Morozova dessert cherry does not like high humidity. As the seedling grows and develops, watering is gradually reduced.

Water the plant as follows: make a shallow funnel around the seedling and carefully pour water there from a hose under low pressure or from a watering can, from which the nozzle with holes is temporarily unscrewed. After the water is completely absorbed, the soil can be loosened and mulched.

Breeding features

This variety can be propagated by seeds, cuttings or root shoots. The simplest and most popular propagation method is cuttings.

Watering

Cuttings are cut and placed in water, then the growth stimulant is dissolved in the water. Plants must be planted strictly vertically, the planting depth is no more than 3 cm.There must be a gap of at least 8 cm between the cuttings.

Basic care activities

The most important measure for caring for cherries is pruning, since this variety is prone to intensive formation of new shoots. Pruning should be done with an ordinary sharpened pruner.

Also, the list of basic care measures includes:

  • Top dressing with potash fertilizers. With a deficiency of potassium, cherries may stop blooming and bearing fruit;
  • Loosening the earth. This is necessary so that moisture is better absorbed;
  • Protection from hares and other rodents - trunk cover and installation of a special fence;
  • Spraying with insecticides for pest control.

During the fruiting period, in order to preserve the crop, attention must be paid to protecting the berries from birds.

Harvesting

Spraying cherries

There are several harvesting methods. You can pick berries without cuttings.If the berries are intended for long-term storage and preservation, it is better to pick them with cuttings. And finally, for convenience and speed of harvesting, if there are a lot of cherries, it is best to cut them off with garden shears.

Advantages of the variety

The main advantages are:

  • Pest resistance;
  • Winter hardiness;
  • High taste of berries;
  • Easy care.

Another important advantage is the spectacular appearance of fruits and flowers.

Disadvantages of the variety

Despite the obvious advantages, this variety also has disadvantages:

  • Demanding feeding.
  • The need for frequent pruning.
  • Poor drought tolerance.
  • Bright berries are attractive to birds, so it is sometimes difficult to keep the harvest.

Also, the disadvantages include the fact that the plant often suffers from fungal diseases.

Dessert cherry Morozova is one of the most popular varieties. Due to its early ripening and frost resistance, this variety of cherries can be found in different regions of the Russian Federation: in the south, in the Middle Lane and even in the Vologda and Leningrad regions. With proper care, the tree will surely please with a good harvest already in the fourth year after planting.