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Cherry Zagoryevskaya is not included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements, but it has wide popularity. It is a small tree, all sprinkled with berries that look like cherries.
Cherry Zagoryevskaya: variety description
Cherry Zagoryevskaya (in some sources - cherry Zagorskaya) was bred in VSTISP by crossing the varieties Lyubskaya and Consumer goods black.
The culture does not grow higher than 3 m. The crown is wide and spreading. Cherries ripen on annual shoots.
Characteristics of cherries - they are slightly elongated, similar to cherries, cherry brown. They are also similar to the fruits of the Shokoladnitsa cherry.
They have dense ocher-colored flesh. It is sweet and sour with a chocolate flavor. Fruit weight 3.6-4.4 g. The stone is medium in size. It is easy to separate it from the pulp. The fruits do not fall off after they are fully ripe.
The buds bloom from May 20. Then for 2 months the berries are formed, poured and ripen. The fruits are harvested from July 20 to August 10, it depends on the growing area.
Fruits are tied 3-4 years after the seedling is planted. If we compare Zagorievskaya cherry with Zhukovskaya cherry (they collect up to 30 kg from a tree), then Zagoryevskaya has an average yield - 14.5 kg are removed from a tree. And from 1 hectare - 10-14 tons of fruits.
Berries can be eaten fresh, squeezed juice, cooked jam, compotes, jams, canned. They can be used to make tinctures, cherry liqueurs.
Cherry Zagorievskaya
Trees tolerate frost well. But when planting in Siberia, they are covered for the winter. The amount of the crop decreases after the winter, during which there were severe frosts. This is due to the fact that at a very low temperature, flower buds freeze.
The tree is moderately resistant to coccomycosis and other fungal diseases.
Advantages and disadvantages
The indisputable advantages include:
- early maturity, the cherry begins to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting;
- berries appear annually, yields are average;
- trees withstand frost well;
- the variety is moderately resistant to fungal diseases;
- berries have a presentation, they have a dessert taste;
- cherries do not fall off after ripening;
- the tree is easy to care for;
- the tree is compact.
Disadvantages:
- should not be planted in places where groundwater is close;
- no resistance to viral and bacterial diseases;
- flower buds freeze in severe frosts.
Planting a seedling
Cherry prefers light and fertile soil, sandy loam or sandy black soil. The earth should be neutral acidity. You shouldn't plant a tree in the lowlands. It loves an area in the sun.
If the soil is acidic, then in the fall you need to scatter 400 g of dolomite flour or lime fluff per 1 m². And after 2 weeks scatter 15 kg of compost, 30 g of superphosphate, 30 g of potassium sulfate per 1 m² on the ground. And then dig up the ground to the depth of the shovel.
A planting hole with a diameter of 80 cm and a depth of 50 cm should be dug, an indent between the holes of 2.5 m is required, they must be left until spring.
Seedlings should be placed in the ground in the spring. When buying a seedling, you need its bole to be about 60 cm, and 2–2.5 cm in diameter, the length of the main skeletal branches is 60 cm.Trees are planted when the soil has already warmed up, but the buds have not yet blossomed.
It is worth driving a peg into the center of the pit, then pouring fertile soil with a cone. Then put the seedling on the north side of the peg, straighten the rhizome, sprinkle with earth. It is necessary to ensure that the root collar is 7 cm higher from the surface.
After that, you need to pour an earthen roller around, pour out a bucket of clean water. And then add humus or peat mulch. Then carefully tie the tree to the peg.
mulching
Plant care
A young tree is watered, the soil is loosened after watering, the trunk circle is mulched with peat or humus. When loosening the soil near a tree, care should be taken not to pour soil on the root collar, it should rise 2–3 cm from the surface.
Top dressing
As a rule, they begin to feed the trees when they begin to bear fruit. Organic matter can be fertilized once every 2 years. In autumn, feed with phosphorus and potassium. It is possible to scatter 1.5 kg of ash per 1 m² on the ground in autumn and dig up the soil shallowly. And in the spring you need to pour it with a nitrogen solution, for this, pour 25 g of ammonium nitrate into a bucket of clean water. This amount is enough for 1 m².
Immediately after flowering, it is required to feed the tree, once again water the cherry with a fertilizer solution after 14 days.
Watering
Be sure to water your newly planted cherries constantly. A young tree is watered when the top layer of 5-6 cm dries.
Watering
Seedlings need to be watered moderately. After planting for 2 years, they should be watered 4–5 times. 10-15 liters are poured under the tree at a time.
An adult tree is watered after the buds have blossomed. The land should be moistened to a depth of 40–45 cm. Watering is also done if there is drought and heat.
Pruning
The branches should be pruned if they grow more than 50 cm in length. Should be pruned in early spring, 3 weeks before the buds swell.
If branches or shoots grow at a height of up to 40 cm, then they should be cut. On the trunk above 40 cm, it is worth leaving the 7 strongest skeletal branches. They should be evenly spaced along the trunk. It is required to leave 3 branches on the lower tier, 2 branches on the middle tier, and 1 branch on the highest tier. Every year, skeletal branches should be added to the tree so that there are 10 of them. The branches that grow inside the crown must be cut out.
Cuttings
It is necessary to cut the cuttings in the morning in mid-June. You need to pick up shoots growing up from the south side of the cherry. Next, you need to wet the cuttings in water, cut them off a little from above. The stalk should be 12 cm long and have 4 leaves. It is required to place each stalk vertically in a box with earth to a depth of 3 cm. The seedlings should be 7 cm apart from each other. It is worth putting the box in a warm and well-lit place so that direct sunlight does not fall on it. In the spring, you can replant the cuttings to a permanent place.
Soaking cuttings
Reproduction by root shoots
Early in the spring, you need to dig out the root growth, which is 1–1.5 m from the trunk. Then sprinkle it with earth, grow. Then transplant it to a permanent place.
Cherry grafting
To graft cherries, the seeds are first stratified for about 150 days (at a temperature of -7 to +1 degrees. Then the seeds are sown in early spring. From the grown sprout, you can make a stock. Grafted by the bark, in the split.
Preparing for winter
Zagorievskaya cherry can be planted in the northwest and southwest of Russia. Young trees should be wrapped in a covering material in the fall. And scatter horse manure on the ground near the trunk circle. In the spring, the cover must be removed, otherwise the plant will rot.
Diseases and pests of cherries
Cherries can hurt: anthracnose, rust, coccomycosis, moniliosis.
- Coccomycosis can be detected by dark red spots on the foliage. Then the spots change their color to brown.A grayish-brown bloom is visible on the back of the foliage. Trees need to be treated after picking cherries with Bordeaux liquid or copper chloride;
- Cherry moniliosis, with it flowers and young twigs dry. Grayish spots are visible on the bark;
- Claterosporium is found by the fact that red spots with a crimson edging are visible on young foliage. For the treatment of moniliosis and clathosporium, cherries should be sprayed with fungicides containing copper;
- Anthracnose is a fungal disease. Initially, darkish specks are visible on the berries, they are transformed into tubercles with a pink bloom. For treatment, cherries must be treated with Poliram 3 times, pour 20 g into a bucket of water. The first time is sprayed before flowering, the second time after the cherry blossoms, the third time after 2 weeks;
- Rust appears as red specks with an orange border. Treat the disease by spraying the tree with drugs: "HOM", "Topsin-M";
- Gum treatment - wounds from which gum flows should be lubricated with garden varnish.
Cherry pests - cherry slimy sawflies, aphids, weevils, hawthorns, moths. To eliminate pests, the tree should be sprayed with Actellik. To destroy the hawthorn caterpillars, trees are treated with "Karbofos", "Metaphos".
Cherry variety Zagorievskaya can be used not only for harvesting, but also for decorating the territory. Trees are planted in parks and squares.
