Chrysanthemum chamomile is one of the most popular decorative flowers in flower beds. Often it can be found in bouquets or room decoration. In Japan, this flower symbolizes tenderness and love. In Europe, chrysanthemum appeared at the end of the 18th century, although its first mentions go back to the time of Confucius. And the homeland of the plant was Japan, where it was bred from Chinese and Indian species. In many cultures around the world, this flower means the sun.

The main purpose of the chrysanthemum was and remains to decorate the garden and home; they are used to dilute compositions or add a gentle accent, because the flowers are really very beautiful - they look like large daisies, in whose honor they were named.

Chamomile chrysanthemums have an equally important feature - they are very useful for colds and other diseases. Healing tea can be brewed from flower petals, and fresh leaves can be added to salads.

On a note! Abroad, medicine uses chrysanthemum flowers as a cure for migraines, alcoholism and even malaria.

All of its beneficial properties come from the petals, which contain many vitamins and oils. In addition, flower compresses relieve the symptoms of arthritis and arthrosis. It is for these reasons that many grow chrysanthemums not only for beauty, but also for their benefits.

It is a perennial shrub with a complex flower. It blooms in summer and blooms until the first frost. And they sow it in spring or autumn.

Plant characteristic

Chrysanthemum bush chamomile reaches one and a half meters in height. Patterned light green leaves, perched on a sturdy stem, often grow up to 12 centimeters long and 6 wide. Long stems can be supported using mesh, wire, or wooden supports.

Note!The fibrous root system grows parallel to the ground, so it is important to be very careful when transplanting or loosening.

Chamomile chrysanthemums are similar to common field daisies. Thanks to this feature, they are so popular, because even in the fall you can pick up a cute summer bouquet. The most famous color of the petals is snow-white, but there are yellow and pink flowers. The core can be both green and yellow. They are pollinated by insects. There is a terry daisy chrysanthemum with white flowers, each of which blooms for about ten days.

The fibrous root system grows in parallel

Seed fruits appear by mid-autumn; they can be used for the next planting of flowers.

Characteristics of species and varieties of crops

There are dozens of the most beautiful types of chrysanthemums, and they are divided according to several criteria:

By flower size:

  • Large-flowered. Among them, you can find varieties in which the diameter of the flowers reaches 20 centimeters. They almost never hibernate in the air, but there are species that can withstand frost. An example of a large-flowered chrysanthemum is Multiflora, which is distinguished by a diverse range of petals (there are even green or light green ones).
  • Mid-flowered. The average diameter is 15 centimeters. Often they can be found on the terraces of houses, indoor flowers are great for this. Capable of withstanding Russian winters. One of these varieties is a flower with an unusual name Malchish-Kibalchish, which has incredible red inflorescences.
  • Small-flowered. The most robust and unpretentious species. They come in a wide variety of colors (from white to burgundy) and shapes, and therefore are most often found in various gardens.They are not at all afraid to hibernate in the ground. Sweet Crown Chrysanthemum - small-flowered - will decorate any holiday with its small yellow flowers.

By the shape of the inflorescences:

  • Simple. Here you will find non-double and semi-double. Flat flowers with a distinct center and many petals. Chamomile belongs to the simple ones.
  • Terry. There are chrysanthemums of various varieties: bent, spherical, radial, pompon. Double flowers are bright and soft in appearance. Valentina Tereshkova's variety is a bright representative of terry.

By flowering time:

  • Early. They bloom from September until frost.
  • Medium flowering. Flowers bloom only in October.
  • Late. They bloom not earlier than November.

By life span:

  • Annuals.
  • Perennial.

Features of planting and care

Chrysanthemums are large

Chrysanthemums in the form of daisies are not the most whimsical flowers in the garden, they do not require much maintenance. They are able to survive in any soil, although most of all they prefer slightly acidic and neutral. It is good if the groundwater flows deeply, as they do not like stagnant moisture. Watering is necessary at the root, up to two liters per plant. Two to three times a week will be enough.

On a note! Chrysanthemums may not grow in the shade, so it is worth providing them with light. But it is important to remember that direct sunlight will simply dry out and burn the flowers.

Chrysanthemum propagation is possible in several ways, and one of them is growing plants from seeds.

You can plant them in the ground either in early spring, or a couple of weeks before the first frost. In the spring, it is worth growing seedlings before planting flowers in the garden. Place the seeds at a distance from each other and press a little to the ground, water abundantly and cover with foil. Within a month they need to be sprayed with water and delighted with sunbathing. No need to wait for instant results - perennial chrysanthemums grow very slowly, and in two months they will be just over 20 centimeters. They can be transplanted towards the end of spring.

You can also use the cuttings method. After the spring is in full swing and the air temperature reaches 20-25 degrees, you need to carefully cut off the cuttings with a knife from the mother liquor just above the kidney. They don't have to be long - just over five centimeters will be just right. New shoots should be planted in a container with "tasty" soil, and only after two or three weeks placed with older brothers.

Chrysanthemum feeding

You should not save feeding, because these plants love nutritious soil. But it is important to know when to stop, otherwise the flower will die. Mineral and organic fertilizers (liquids) are recommended.

After the chrysanthemums begin to grow stronger and grow, they should do the top pinching, then the flower will be more magnificent. If you pinch the side leaves, then the chrysanthemum will take the form of a round bush.

Important! Chrysanthemum chamomile is a capricious lady. She does not like to live in one place for more than three years, and after this time she needs to be moved to a new house. So one spring you need to dig up a three-year-old chrysanthemum and transfer it to a prepared place.

You can not harm the roots, the plant may wither, but it is recommended to carefully divide the bush into several new processes.

Major diseases and pests of culture, control measures

If you do not follow the rules for caring for chrysanthemums, this will result in serious problems. The plant can get sick. So, fungus can be transmitted from weeds, which will be very difficult to remove, especially if it gets to the root. Solution: carefully monitor the neighbors of the flower and not allow unnecessary individuals to grow.

Chrysanthemum indian

Powdery mildew will also not let you live in peace - it attacks the upper part of the plant. Symptoms include a gray coating that slowly kills the diseased plant. Chemicals or a solution of soda will help with the disease.

Note!A fluffy bloom on greenery does not bode well. It is a gray rot that causes the plant to rot while alive. It can be removed with drugs that contain copper, for example, copper oxychloride or Bordeaux copper.

In summer, aphids can cause great harm.If she occupied only a few leaves, she leaves with them, but in more complex versions, Actellikt can be used along with laundry soap.

The most important thing is to notice the disease in time and start treating it. Better yet, process chrysanthemums periodically, keep them clean and tidy.