In Russia, Japanese raspberry is still an exotic plant. It is widespread in China, Korea, Japan, North America. By its nature, it is an extremely unpretentious plant. Thanks to this, it has taken root even in the wild.
Description
The root system of the plant is perennial, but the stems remain biennial. The shoot grows to a length of three meters in just one year. For this reason, Japanese raspberries are sometimes called liana. During the second year, lateral shoots spread from the main stem, on which inflorescences are formed.
Flowering occurs on biennial shoots in late spring, sometimes in the first half of June. Although the small flowers that appear have a reddish tint, in fact, the range of colors is very diverse: from purple to pink. Sepals and pedicels are abundantly covered with reddish-golden bristles.
The berries are found in dense, brush-like inflorescences. In shape, they resemble the ripening of blackberries.
The stems are like reed. The green leaves are very dense. Their upper and lower parts look different. The first is bright green, the second is silvery white.
Raspberry Japanese
The flower is small. Usually its value is from 6 to 10 millimeters. It contains five petals. The berries of Japanese raspberry are about one centimeter in diameter and ripen in late summer. At this time, they have a sweet but slightly tart taste. When fully ripe, the berries acquire a dark purple color, which sometimes reaches black. They can be used for winemaking. It is believed that the wine made from this raspberry variety has a special taste.
It is a prolific plant. The yield can reach 15 kilograms from one bush. Fruiting occurs once a year.
Beneficial features
The plant is used for design. It looks especially impressive during fruiting or flowering.
From this type of raspberry (Rubus phoenicolasius), you can make jam, raspberry jam, compote, jelly, and also use it to make pie filling. Finding the right recipes can reward connoisseurs.
Purple raspberry (another name for Japanese raspberry) has a therapeutic effect. Those who suffer from leukemia or anemia can significantly improve their health with the constant use of Japanese raspberries. At the same time, valuable properties are not lost during heat treatment. This plant is rich in vitamins A, C and group B. The composition contains biologically active substances, as well as useful trace elements.
Raspberry Japanese has antipyretic effects. Eating berries:
- can relieve pain;
- has the ability to stop blood;
- has anti-inflammatory effect;
- enhances appetite;
- is antiemetic;
- has an antitoxic effect.
The crushed leaves can be used to treat acne, psoriasis. For treatment, it is enough to attach the leaves to the affected area. An infusion of them is an effective remedy for diarrhea.
Reproduction
When planting, the plant is attached to the trellis. It is a structure consisting of wooden slats dug into the ground and tied to them, wires stretched horizontally above the ground.
Tapestry
The use of such constructions gives a number of advantages when caring for raspberries:
- The wires provide reliable support for the branches of the plant. This allows the branches not to bend or break under their own weight;
- Berries with this method of growing do not touch the ground. And this also applies to those of them that ripen on the lower branches;
- This arrangement allows for almost uniform illumination of the raspberry bushes;
- At the same time, the wind blows over the plants, conducting their ventilation. This can be considered as the prevention of fungal diseases;
- By using trellises, it is more convenient to care for plants.
When growing Japanese raspberry (japanese raspberry), the posts are placed at a distance of 10-15 meters from each other. The wire is pulled a little over a meter (usually 120-150 centimeters) above the ground.
Raspberries in one place can bear fruit for about eight to ten years. Gradually, this leads to the fact that the soil is depleted. Application of top dressing in this case does not correct the situation.
Seedlings can be used as planting material, but they are quite expensive. A smart solution is to create the landing material yourself.
Using seeds is possible, but it will take too long to grow from the beginning.
If the soil is characterized by low acidity, then this leads to a deterioration in the taste of the berries and a decrease in their size. Therefore, when planting a plant, you first need to take care of its appropriate level. One way is to use special types of feeding.
For this, they usually apply:
- special bottom peat;
- sapropel can be used;
- ordinary manure is good;
- humus or humus is used;
- ash can be added;
- bird droppings are also used for this;
- chicken shells are suitable.
Note! It is important that the weather is right during the breeding process. A cloudy day with little sun is best. If you can't wait for the right weather, the bush is shaded artificially, just for a few days, while the work is being carried out. At this time, the temperature should not exceed 22-23 degrees.
Reproduction is most often done using root suckers. We are talking about sprouts from the buds on the rhizome. You need to plant in the fall or early spring. In this case, the above-ground part of the stem is cut off no higher than 30-40 centimeters. The roots need to be dug out, it is enough to use pieces no larger than 15 centimeters.
Disembarkation
The sprouts, along with a lump of earth, are planted in pre-prepared holes. At first, it is worth shading young shoots in a new place for several days. To plant, you need to cover it with humus and ensure regular watering. You can propagate the plant by slightly adding earth to the branches. In this case, they take root quite easily.
Care
In order to get a good harvest from Japanese raspberries, it is necessary that planting and maintenance is done correctly. After the crop is harvested in the fall, weak or damaged stems must be trimmed. The same must be done with stems that have already borne fruit.
Pruning
Such pruning in the southern regions of Russia is usually done before the end of November, and in the northern regions - in the last decade of October or in the first half of November.
It should be borne in mind that the entire root system is located in a thin upper layer of soil. Therefore, it makes sense to process no more than the top 10 centimeters of the soil.
To maintain optimal humidity, you need to mulch raspberries using organic matter.
The plant should not be attacked by insect pests (glass beetle, weevil, raspberry beetle and others). For this, it is necessary to carry out the appropriate processing regularly.
In early spring, the plants need to be examined. In this case, it is necessary to determine which part has successfully overwintered. The plant is cut to the very top of such a bud.
The plant tolerates frosty winters easily. If a drought occurs, the purple-fruited (or Japanese) raspberry is able to tolerate it without loss.
Note! This plant is capable of multiplying aggressively. In this case, it can happen that other plants are suppressed. To prevent this from happening, you need to control its distribution.
Where proliferation needs to be restricted, appropriate measures will need to be taken, for example:
- At the edge of the site, dig slate into the ground to prevent the growth of roots;
- Plant plants along the edges, the root system of which will serve as an obstacle for the uncontrolled spread of the roots of Japanese raspberry.
Owners of Japanese raspberries can appreciate the delicate, wonderful taste and exquisite appearance of this plant. In addition, its bushes are used for design purposes.
