In total, about thirty types of plums are known in the world. Many different new varieties have been bred from them. Perhaps the most famous of them is the Vengerka variety. It is rather not even a variety, but a union of varieties.
Characteristic
Hungarian is a type of homemade plum. There is no data on how the plum occurred as a species. It is believed that cherry plum and blackthorn were pollinated and a new hybrid was created. The name Hungarian comes from the country from which she migrated to Russia in 1900. It is grown mainly in areas where the climate is warm. But now, after breeding frost-resistant varieties, plums are grown in many areas, even the Ural gardeners have learned to cultivate them in their difficult climate.
As mentioned above, the name Vengerka unites many different varietal plums, which have a dark purple rind with a whitish waxy bloom on elongated-oval fruits. The pulp of these fruits has a pleasant rich taste. This fruit is easy to break in half. It is from this species that prunes are made.
Plum Hungarian
Under the name Vengerka, varieties are combined that have the same characteristics, however, they have differences
- Maturation period;
- Pulp color;
- Taste;
- Frost resistance.
Types of Hungarian
Plum Hungarian Moscow: description
This variety belongs to free pollination plums. That is, it was created independently, adjusting to the environment, in this case to the climatic conditions in Moscow and the Moscow region.
The Moscow Hungarian is a tree with an average height of 2.5-3 meters, which grows quickly and forms a strong root system. Has a dense, fast-growing crown. The long green leaves are small in size. The shoots are medium in thickness and have a reddish tint. Fruits are formed on annual growth and bouquet branches.
Plum tree Hungarian Moscow
Fruit weight from 15-28 grams. The shape, color and appearance of the pulp are inherent in all other types of Hungarian, but the taste is a little pumped up - sweet and sour.
Early maturity cannot be called good. These plum trees begin to bear fruit in the eighth year, but they are abundant at once and every year. The yield is excellent, up to 35 kg per bush. Refers to late-ripening varieties, harvest must be at the end of September.
This species also cannot boast of winter hardiness. But even if it freezes in winter, in spring it reproduces well with young shoots. Hungarian plums are moderately resistant to fungal and infectious diseases.
Moscow Hungarian is a self-fertile species, moreover, it is an excellent pollinator.
Hungarian Korneevskaya plum: description
The name of the plum Korneevskaya received thanks to one of its authors - R.V. Korneev, who, together with L.N. Zhukov raised this class in the Nizhnevolzhsky Research Institute of Agriculture, crossing the Bogatyr plum with the Volgograd one. The look turned out to be great, the average weight of the fruits reaches 140 g. The fruits have a yellow flesh, ready to be picked in early August. Another plus - fruiting occurs in 3-4 years.
Hungarian Korneevskaya plum
Hungarian Donetsk plum
This variety was bred in the Donetsk branch of the Institute of Horticulture UAAS by breeding Green Renklode with Red Skorospelka. The result is a precocious species that matures in the first two weeks of August. Fruit formation begins in 5-6 years.High-stemmed, above 4 meters, the tree has a spreading crown. Fruiting steadily, from one unit you can get 25-30 kg of plums. Fruits are small, no more than 30 g. The skin has a dark purple color and a bluish bloom. The pulp has an olive color. Her taste is sweet, sometimes slightly sour. The species is self-fertile, but third-party pollinators will not interfere.
A distinctive feature of this tall (more than five meters) tree is its increased fertility - 60-70 kg per bush. The fruits are similar in all qualities to their namesake.
Hungarian Belarusian
The difference between this species and others will be the color of the soft juicy orange pulp.
Hungarian Belarusian
Michurinskaya
This is a medium-ripening variety. The fruits are blue-purple in color, weighing about 35 g, have a yellow flesh with a greenish tint. The fruits hang easily on the tree for about a month without cracking, accumulating sugar.
Landing
Plum is planted in spring or autumn, depending on the region. In warm areas, it is better to plant seedlings in the fall. In cooler areas, it should be planted in spring. Given its thermophilic nature, the site should be warm, sunny, not blown by the wind, the soil should be slightly alkaline.
Plum planting scheme
Plums don't like moisture either. Its roots go down to a depth of 0.4 meters, therefore, the groundwater level should be above half a meter from the soil line.
10 days before disembarkation, you need to prepare landing pits about half a meter in diameter and depth. Prepare the composition:
- Soil - 50%.
- Humus - 50%.
- Superphosphate - 300 g.
- Potassium salt 50 g.
- Wood ash 400 g.
For spring planting, nitrogen must still be added.
Before planting, you need to build a support, it must support the tree until it gets stronger.
From hole to hole should be about four meters.
When caring for plum trees, you must:
- Water regularly;
- Feed;
- Remove overgrowth;
- Weed and loosen the soil;
- Install props under the branches;
- Crop correctly.
Pruning of woody plum branches does not tolerate very well, the cut points take a long time.
Correct pruning of plums
Advantages and disadvantages
The Hungarian has many advantages:
- Stability of fruiting;
- High productivity;
- Good frost resistance;
- Immunity to diseases and pests;
- Good taste;
- Good transportability;
- Resistant to cracking.
The disadvantages include:
- Branches fragility under the weight of the fruit:
- The presence of third-party pollinating varieties.
Hungarians are highly valued for their excellent nutritional qualities. They make very good juices, jams, preserves and compotes. And, as already mentioned, they make excellent prunes.
