Beautiful plum trees can be seen in many garden areas. There is a wide variety of varieties of this culture. Early table varieties are popular among summer residents, for example, Eurasia plum. Its fruits are used fresh, as well as for conservation.
Plum characteristics Eurasia 21
The description says that this type of plum belongs to the early varieties. Its distinctive feature is a high level of frost resistance. The fruits ripen in early August. An adult tree can grow up to 5-6 m. The branches of a rounded crown are located with an average density. The leaves have an elongated, pointed shape and slightly serrated edges.
The fruit is round in shape and has a deep blue color. The weight of each varies between 20-30 g. The skin is thin with a light waxy bloom. The sour flesh has an orange tint and a loose structure. The bone is rather difficult to separate.
Plum home Eurasia is popular among gardeners due to the presence in its fruits of a huge amount of useful components, minerals and vitamins. It is often used when creating a dietary children's menu.
The root system and flower buds have the ability to easily endure severe frosts. Trees are highly immune to disease and pest infestation.
Eurasia variety plum
Of the shortcomings of this variety, gardeners note that the tree has a rather spreading crown. Ripe fruits fall off quickly, which requires a quick harvest. It is not recommended to transport the fruits, as they crack and lose their presentation.
Plum tree pollen is not viable. This means that the ovary requires cross-pollination. Therefore, it is required to plant varieties of pollinating plums in the garden, the flowering of which occurs simultaneously with Eurasia plums. Among the most suitable pollinators are Mayak, collective farm Renklod, Soviet Renklod.
Planting and care conditions
For planting seedlings, the most optimal is dry and calm weather in early spring until the buds fully open. You must first prepare the following tools: secateurs, bayonet-shovel, bucket.
Plum planting
When choosing a site, you should pay attention to the fact that the soil on it should be medium loamy or clayey.
It is recommended to prepare a planting pit since autumn. If you do this in the spring, then no earlier than 1 month before planting. The parameters of the pit should be within 100x80 cm. The earth, which is removed when digging the planting hole, is mixed with 250 g of superphosphate, 50 g of potassium sulfate, 250 g of dolomite flour and 2 buckets of humus.
Immediately before planting, sod soil, compost and urea should be poured onto the bottom of the pit.
To purchase high-quality planting material, it is better to contact a nursery or a specialized store. If the seedling is healthy, it will have the following characteristics:
- the root system is well developed, the shortest root reaches a length of at least 11 cm;
- damage, dry areas are invisible at the root;
- the vaccination site is clearly visible.
Saplings with an open-type horse system will take root better.
When planting a seedling, it is recommended to adhere to the following sequence of actions:
- Pre-soak the plum sapling in a clay mash or plain water for 2-3 days.
- Dig a hole, the diameter of which should be 2.5 times the size of the root system.
- Prepare the mixture from the soil. To do this, add 2 buckets of humus, wood ash, superphosphate, nitrophosphate to it. Mix the whole mass thoroughly.
- Pour 2 buckets of ready-made soil mixture at the bottom of the pit and form a tubercle up to 60 cm high.
- But hammer in the bottom of the pit a wooden peg, the height of which is within 80-100 cm. It will serve as a support for the planted tree.
- Place the seedling on the bottom of the hole and gently spread the root system.
- Sprinkle potting soil over the tree and tamp. The neck of the pear seedling should be located at a height of 5-7 cm from the soil level.
- Tie the trunk of the pear to a wooden peg.
- Pour 2 buckets of warm water over the tree. Watering is carried out in a watering roller, which must be done at a distance of 50-60 cm from the tree trunk. The near-stem circle is mulched using hay, sawdust or dry grass.
Further care
The level of yield depends on how competently the care of Eurasia plums is carried out.
After planting the seedling, it must be watered after 8-10 days, pouring in at least 30 liters of settled water under it. If we are talking about an adult tree, it is enough to water it no more than 2 times every 30 days. At the same time, it is recommended to pour about 60 liters of water under each tree. After each watering, the land near the tree is fluffed and mulched. Watering regime is determined by weather conditions.
Watering the plum
If the plum receives insufficient moisture, its fruits will crack and quickly fall off. With an excess of moisture, the leaves turn yellow and quickly fall off.
In the first year after planting, the young tree does not need fertilization. The complex of fertilizers that were applied to the planting pit is enough for him. In the future, the Eurasia plum is fertilized with nitrogen in the spring, and potash or phosphate agents are added in the fall.
The first feeding is performed before flowering, the second at the beginning of summer, and the third in the middle of autumn.
Young shoots grow very quickly near Eurasia plum. Therefore, you cannot do without cutting the crown. During the first 2 years, the procedure is carried out three times a year, and then twice (in spring and autumn).
Plum tree
The first pruning is done in mid-autumn. In this case, it is necessary to leave a third part of the trunk to ensure the normal and correct growth of young shoots and the formation of the crown. In addition, the remaining branches are shortened, leaving only 1/3 of their length. When forming the crown, you should pay attention to the fact that the distance between the branches should be within 20-30 cm.
The main trunk is not trimmed in summer. Only lateral branches are shortened by 20-30 cm.
In the middle of autumn, young side shoots, as well as dry and diseased branches, are cut off. In this state, the plum will easily endure the winter.
Preventive measures will help prevent disease infestations or insect attacks. These measures include:
- digging up the soil in mid-autumn and after each watering;
- timely pruning;
- timely collection of fallen leaves and fruits near trees (they need to be burned);
- watering trees with drugs such as urea, Bordeaux liquid, actellic, copper oxychloride;
- sprinkles near the trunk of wood ash to prevent rodent attacks.
In order for the Eurasia plum to delight gardeners for many years, it must be prepared in advance for the onset of winter.To do this, carefully remove moss and old bark from the trunk and adult branches, whitewash the trunk and bases of the lower branches with a solution of lime or copper sulfate. After that, the bole is wrapped with insulation. Burlap or special material can be used as it.
Preparing plums for winter
To avoid rodent attacks on the tree during the winter, the trunk can be wrapped with barbed wire over the burlap. You can also line the trunk with thorny garden plants, such as raspberries, roses, or rose hips. If these recommendations are followed, the tree can safely endure even severe winter frosts.
Plum Eurasia belongs to the early varieties. It is resistant to infection by diseases of fruit trees, as well as the attack of insect pests. With properly organized care, the plum will give an excellent harvest of fruits already for 3 years of life.
