Planting pears in spring with seedlings in the Urals is the most common and favorable way to grow a healthy tree, which will have time to grow stronger before winter frosts in the northern regions of the country.

Important! Success in growing and obtaining a generous harvest of fruit depends on the choice of pear variety, planting site, soil, correct watering and fertilization, and further care.

Review of popular varieties for the Urals

Growing pears in the garden is troublesome, but noble. Spring blooming with white or pink inflorescences gives the garden a touch of elegance, and a generous harvest becomes the pride of the owner.

An important role is played by the nutritional value of fruits, rich in essential proteins, sugars, amino acids, vitamins and minerals, potassium. The fruits have a pronounced choleretic and vaso-strengthening effect, and regular consumption of pears prevents the development of kidney and liver diseases.

The first breeder to carry out interspecific hybridization was I.V. Michurin. Having crossed the wild Ussuri pear with domesticated European varieties, he developed fruitful and frost-resistant varieties for the northern regions (including the Urals). The most popular varieties are:

  1. Bere Zimnyaya Michurina is a frost-resistant undersized variety with a spreading drooping crown, an average yield. Fruits are medium-sized, short pear-shaped. The skin is compacted, of a dull yellowish-green shade with large gray blotches. The pulp is white, dense, juicy, sour-tart.
  2. Bere Oktyabrya is a fast-growing tree with a pyramid-shaped, medium-dense crown. Fruits are of medium size, elongated pear-shaped. The skin is dense, yellow with a slightly blurred blush. The pulp is white, juicy with a sweet and sour tart taste.
  3. Improved yellow bere is a high-yielding winter-hardy variety with a round, medium-dense crown. Fruits are of medium size, with an even, non-ribbed (smooth) surface. The pulp is dense, juicy, creamy, with a rich aroma and sweet and sour taste. Harvesting period is the end of September-October.
  4. Russian Esperen is a high-yielding hybrid with a mighty, narrowly pyramidal crown. Fruits are round, gray-green in color. The pulp is dense, white, juicy with a pronounced pear flavor.
  5. Tolstobezhka is a high-yielding variety with medium-sized round fruits. The skin is dense, yellow-gray in color. The pulp is dense, juicy, sour-sweet.
  6. Permyachka - a variety of the selection of L.A. Kotova. It is characterized by a wide-pyramidal rounded crown with large fruits of light yellow color, with an orange blush. The pulp is juicy, sweet, white, with a slight graininess. Harvesting takes place at the end of August-September.
  7. Isetskaya juicy is a frost-resistant fruitful variety. The fruits are large with a juicy buttery pulp. Ripening period - the second decade of September.
  8. Lyubushka is a frost-resistant fruitful variety with fragrant large fruits. The pulp is juicy, fine-grained, sweet and sour. Harvested in September - October.
  9. Polyushko is the "brainchild" of the Sverdlovsk breeding station with a late harvest ripening. Pears are large, sweet, with slightly sour taste.
  10. Gzidon is a low-growing, winter-hardy, high-yielding large-fruited variety. Ripening period - early September.

Planting pear seedlings in spring in the Urals

Planting in the Urals of the above varieties of pears is carried out in the spring. All varieties are frost-resistant and specially bred for the Urals.

When to plant a pear in the Urals

Planting apple trees in spring with seedlings

The most suitable time to plant a pear in the Urals is spring. So, the seedling will be able to take root and adapt, to build up a powerful root system until the autumn frosts, which will allow it to survive the winter frosts without difficulties and freezing of the roots. It is easier for the gardener to control and deal with possible problems (drought, pests, diseases) in a timely manner. The most favorable months for planting seedlings are the end of March - mid-April when the temperature regime is set at least +8 ºС.

The most suitable pear varieties for the Urals are: Winter Bere, October Bere, Tolstobezhka, Polyushko, Permyachka, Lyubushka.

To grow a healthy tree and get a generous harvest, you must adhere to a number of rules for choosing a seedling:

  • planting material must be of high-quality zoned selection, which guarantees high resistance to adverse climatic conditions,
  • the seedling should have a well-developed root system and active living buds,
  • the trunk must be flat, free from defects and damage to the bark, flexible, at least 85 cm high and no more than 1 cm in diameter,
  • on the cut, the roots should be white, without signs of rot and be easy to bend,
  • at the time of purchase, the seedling must be dormant and not have obvious signs of a vegetative period.

The above rules will help a novice gardener answer the question of how to choose the right variety and plant a pear in the spring in the Urals in order to grow a healthy tree and get a bountiful harvest.

Planting pears

Planting grapes in spring with seedlings

The pear is a finicky tree. Fertile loose soils, places protected from the wind with good humidity are suitable for planting it. Clayy, dry sandy soils are absolutely not suitable for planting pears.

Before planting, the seedling must be soaked for 1 hour in water with the addition of a growth stimulator.

Planting the seedling is carried out in a pre-dug hole, 50-60 cm deep and at least 100 cm in diameter. Walnut husks, compost, wood ash, organic fertilizers, potash and phosphorus fertilizers are spread on the bottom of the pit. Then the pit is poured with 2 buckets of settled water, the planting material is planted, buried and compacted tightly.

Top dressing with potassium and phosphorus

The planting scheme depends on the variety and size of the adult tree. For tall trees, seedlings should be planted 5 m between trees and 6-7 m between rows. Medium-sized varieties are planted at a distance of 4 m between trees and 5 m between rows. For undersized varieties, 3 m between plants and 5 m between rows is recommended.

Care

Planting honeysuckle in spring with seedlings

Growing a healthy, sturdy tree requires competent and regular care and watering.

Pear is a cross-pollinated plant. Therefore, at least 2 trees should be planted side by side.

Trees are watered every 2-3 weeks with 2-3 buckets of water for each plant.

Mineral fertilizers must be applied annually during the spring-autumn period. In the fall, trees can be sprayed with nutrient solutions that stimulate growth and root formation - 1% urea solution.

Feeding with urea

The first 3-4 years after planting, it is necessary to carry out sanitary pruning, forming a crown, observing the principle of placing skeletal branches. Remove all dry or broken branches, clean the near-trunk circle from overgrowth. Correct pruning is the key to a long fruiting period and increased yields.

Diseases and pests

The Ural zone is characterized by damage to pear trees by the following diseases:

  1. Scab (fungal disease) affecting the deciduous system, shoots and fruits. The disease manifests itself in the falling off of young fruits, cracking of ripe pears, yellowing and falling leaves.
  2. Fruit rot (moniliosis), manifested by the defeat of the fruit by a fungus, leading to complete rotting and falling of pears.
  3. A sooty fungus, in which leaves and fruits become covered with a soot-like fungus and then blacken and fall off.

Of the pests, the most common and dangerous for pears are:

  1. Gallic pear mite, in which the leaves "swell", then turn yellow and fall off.
  2. Pear aphid. When aphids are affected, the leaves curl, become sticky, transparent, and then fall off.
  3. The caterpillar of the winter moth. Insects eat away parts of young leaves (buds, flowers) and tighten the damage with cobwebs.

To combat scab (as well as as a prophylaxis), it is necessary to spray the trees with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid in 4 stages: when the buds open, at the end of flowering, and 2 more treatments with an interval of 3 weeks.

For the prevention of fruit rot, fallen (yellowed, blackened) leaves are sprayed with a solution of urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride.

To combat aphids and ticks, trees are treated with insecticidal agents.

On a note. As a preventive measure for pest control, it is recommended to spray tree plantings with infusion of red chili pepper, garlic, tobacco, red elderberry, onion, and basil.

Possible mistakes

Novice gardeners can make mistakes:

  • when choosing a seedling variety, not taking into account its breeding and climatic requirements, age, size,
  • on the selection of a landing site,
  • in the wrong application of top dressing, an excess of nitrogen fertilizers,
  • incorrect pruning.

If mistakes are made during the selection of planting material and improper care of it, yield loss and an increase in the risk of developing diseases are possible.

Thinking about how to plant a pear in the Urals in spring, you need to choose a suitable variety suitable for a given climatic zone. Consider the rules for choosing the soil and place, the rules for planting and further care. A competent approach to planting will help to grow a bountiful harvest of pears even in the Urals.