The assortment of sweet cherries, created by the works of domestic breeders, is not only replenished with new varieties every year, but also contains a number of well-known and popular varieties. One of them is the Iput cherry.

History and description of the variety

Sweet cherry is the most ancient cherry form. The plant belongs to the Pink family. It is characterized by strong growth of the tree in height, large foliage and high palatability of the fruit.

The Iput variety was bred on the basis of the VNII Lupin (Bryansk). The parent forms for sweet cherries are 3-36 and 8-14. Since 1993 it has been in the State Register of Breeding Achievements. Zoned in the Central and Central Black Earth regions.

The variety has medium-sized trees with a broad-pyramidal, well-leafy crown. Fruits on bouquet branches.

Cherry Iput

Fruits weighing 5.3-9.7 g, blunt-hearted, dark red in color, and when ripe almost black. They are characterized by an attractive appearance. Fruit tasting score 4.5 points. The fruits contain: soluble solids - 16.6%, sugars - 11.0%, titratable acids - 0.50%, ascorbic acid - 11.5 mg / 100 g. Fruits break off well from the stalk, in wet years they partially crack. ... A variety of universal use.

The variety is not capable of self-pollinating itself. Suitable pollinators for cherries Iput - Revna and Tyutchevka. Ripens early. It starts bearing fruit for 4-5 years. Average yield 11.0 kg / tree, maximum at adulthood 21.9 kg / tree.

Important! Winter hardiness of the tree and flower buds is good. Resistance to fungal diseases is high.

Growing

Preparing the soil for planting

Cherry Chermashnaya

Before choosing a place for cultivating Iput, you need to take into account that this variety prefers sunny places and reacts negatively to an excess of moisture. In view of this, it is recommended to plant the plant on the south leeward side of the site. Groundwater should lie at a depth of at least 1.5 m. Otherwise, the root system runs the risk of drying out, and the annual stem increments will become shortened.

Note! The variety is recommended for cultivation on slightly acidic soils. Around the seedling, you need to build a low mound (no more than half a meter), which will prevent the roots from flooding. It will not be superfluous to dig out grooves for drainage, through which excess moisture will go during heavy rains.

The choice of planting material

Iputi seedlings purchased for planting in nurseries and garden stores must be healthy, without signs of mechanical damage and diseases. The roots should appear developed and beige in color when cut.

Cherry seedlings

It is advisable to purchase seedlings with an earthen clod on the root system. If it is not there, then immediately after the purchase, the roots must be wrapped in a damp cloth and wrapped in a plastic bag.

Note! Such seedlings should be planted as soon as possible, if possible on the day of purchase.

Landing

In preparation for planting in the fall for the Iputi seedling, a hole 70 cm in diameter and about 60 cm in width is dug in the garden. Then a mixture of organic fertilizers is placed there, which consists of the following ingredients:

  • 3 buckets of rotted manure;
  • 400 g of wood ash or 60 g of potassium sulfate;
  • 60 g of superphosphate or phosphate rock.

In this state, the pit is left until spring.If the digging of the planting hole is carried out in the spring, then the hole should be dug 2 weeks before planting the seedling. The soil extracted from the pit is mixed with organic fertilizers. The above phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are used in the same amount: 2/3 are immediately applied to the hole, and the rest when planting.

A wooden peg about 1-1.2 m long is tightly driven into the landing hole with the pointed end down. Then a tree is planted in the pit, the roots of which are straightened so that they do not bend. The hole is covered with soil mixed with fertilizers, so that there are no empty cavities around the root system. The ground around the plant is trampled.

Important! Do not bury the root collar of the seedling. It should exceed the soil level by 5-6 cm.

For watering, you need to prepare a small depression around the seedling, where you pour in several buckets of water and immediately mulch the hole with soil. The deepening is saved for subsequent watering. The planted seedling is tied close to a peg with a twine folded in the shape of an eight.

Planting cherries

Irrigation

Sweet cherry belongs to the category of moisture-loving crops, therefore watering is especially important for it. The optimal one is one that allows you to moisten the roots by 30-40 cm.

The first irrigation procedure is recommended in May, when the tree is growing intensively. A month later, when the fruits begin to pour in, another watering should be carried out. In the autumn, before the onset of cold weather, the final should be carried out. If it is a dry summer, then watering is carried out more often, not paying attention to the growing season. It is very important to pour water into a depression in the soil and immediately cover the soil with mulch material.

Important! Moisture should not stagnate in the root system, so you need to take care of the drainage system. If possible, you can organize a drip irrigation system on the site.

Top dressing

Cherry Syubarovskaya

Those fertilizers that were applied under Iput during planting are usually enough for 3 years. From the second year of the seedling's life, carbamide is introduced. 100 g of fertilizer are evenly scattered over the surface of the near-stem sector, and then buried 10-15 cm deep. It is also recommended to dilute 30 g of urea in a bucket of water and water the soil around the tree with this solution three times from May to the first decade of June.

Attention! An excess of nitrogen fertilizers is very dangerous for cherries. It can cause overgrowth of stems to the detriment of the crop. Moreover, such stems do not have time to completely lignify by the beginning of frost, which negatively affects their winter hardiness.

By the 4th year of life of Iput, the root system grows widely and goes beyond the boundaries of the near-stem sector. A shallow groove is dug around the plant, into which at the beginning of spring 0.15-0.2 kg of carbamide is introduced and water is poured. In late summer - early autumn, 300-400 g of superphosphate and 100-120 g of potassium sulfate are added to the same groove.

In the 5th year of tree cultivation in the spring under Iput, ammophoska is introduced (30 g / 10 l of water). In the autumn period, the soil is dug up, introducing organic fertilizers:

  • straw;
  • humus;
  • grass;
  • peat;
  • compost.

Feeding with compost

When the tree begins to bear fruit in early spring, you need to fill in 200 g of carbamide in the groove around the tree, and in the fall - 30 g of potassium salt and 40 g of superphosphate.

Once every 5 years, liming is carried out, in which the soil is enriched with calcium and magnesium. The minerals used in this case do not combine well with organic matter and nitrogen fertilizers.

Plant protection

The main diseases affecting Iput are coccomycosis and moniliosis - fungal ailments. In the first case, it is necessary, if possible, to collect and destroy all diseased foliage in a fire. For prevention purposes, it is recommended to use 1% Bordeaux liquid, which is used to treat trees once every 2-3 days before harvesting. If the disease manifests itself, it is recommended to use the Horus fungicide against it (3 g per 8 l of water).

Sweet cherry Napoleon

For the prevention of moniliosis, careful care and observation of the plant should be carried out and the affected parts of the tree should be cut and removed in a timely manner. Bordeaux liquid is also used: 4% before flowering and 1% after its completion. Among pesticides, Horus and Topaz are especially effective.

Important! The most dangerous pest is the cherry aphid. The damaged plant organs are removed. For the purpose of processing, folk remedies are prepared based on garlic, onions, dandelions. The most effective is a preparation based on wood ash: 20 g of the substance is boiled in water, then insisted and diluted in a 10-liter container with water. Among insecticides, Intavir, Decis, Iskra are used.

Thrushes and other birds are capable of completely destroying a ripe crop. To scare them away, gardeners install scarecrows, hang CDs and aluminum beer cans, but all this has a short-term effect. An absolute guarantee of protection is provided by a special fine net, which is thrown on top of the tree during the ripening and harvesting of fruits.

Pruning

Cherry pruning

According to the description of the Iput cherry and its habitus, the layered form is the best option for crowning for this variety. This is due to the fact that the shoots on the tree are arranged in tiers, making it easier to form a conical crown. The main tasks facing the summer resident when pruning:

  • the formation of skeletal branches with the allocation of a leader, which should be 20 cm higher than the rest of the shoots;
  • spring shortening of promising stems by 20% or summer pinching before the tree enters fruiting;
  • removal of annual shoots that grow upward and into the crown and create excessive thickening, in the spring before the buds swell;
  • annual autumn sanitary pruning, cutting out sick, dried, injured shoots with the obligatory subsequent putty of the sections with garden pitch.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantages of the Iput variety in comparison with most other varieties include:

  • frost resistance;
  • stable fruiting;
  • versatility of the crop, the possibility of fresh consumption and technological processing;
  • early ripening of fruits;
  • relative resistance to fungal pathogens;
  • high taste and marketability of fruits.

Among the disadvantages are:

  • cracking of fruits in the rainy season;
  • self-infertility;
  • negative reaction to excess moisture;
  • difficult separation of the bone from the pulp;
  • high lighting requirements.

The Iput variety is one of the most important cherries in the domestic variety. With the appropriate level of agricultural technology, he is able to form a high and high-quality crop.