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For regions where summers are short and fairly cool, and winters are long and severely cold, breeders develop fruit trees that grow quickly and yield a harvest in a short period of time. This apple variety is resistant not only to frost, but also to various diseases.
Culture information
The VEM pink apple tree was created by the group of Professor L. A. Kotov at the Sverdlovsk breeding station. Together with this hybrid, other varieties were obtained, which are intended for breeding in the Ural region. They differ from other similar plants in fruit color, high resistance to scab. The group of plants together with VEM pink includes:
- Apple tree Danila is a hybrid. Obtained by crossing the species Ural souvenir and clone 8K 532. The variety has a popular name - Luck. The plant lifespan reaches 60 years.
- Apple tree Toropyzhka is a novelty in gardening. It belongs to the group of hybrids with a short growing season. Differs in delicate taste and juicy pulp.
- The apple tree VEM souvenir is a species characterized by increased winter hardiness, a short growing season. The variety stands out for its high yield and the possibility of long-term storage of fruits.
This whole line of apple hybrids was named due to the presence of the VM gene, which ensures the plant's resistance to various diseases.
Apple tree VEM pink
Description of the variety
The description of the VEM pink apple tree is as follows:
- The hybrid is characterized by high winter hardiness and resistance to 4 types of scab. Has a high growth rate (50-60 cm per year).
- An adult tree reaches 5 m, and the diameter of the foliage ranges from 350-400 cm. It has a neat crown, which is obtained after forming the foliage of the seedling.
- The apple variety Danila has other parameters: the height of the tree reaches 8-10 m when grown in southern regions of Russia, and the crown width is 5-6 m. Description of the Danila apple tree differs from other varieties by the presence of a yellowish tint on the shoots and leaves of the tree, and the mass of fruits, which reaches 0.15-0.16 kg.
- For the Toropyzhka apple tree, the description of the variety is limited to the weight of apples, reaching up to 120 g for each specimen. They are colored light yellow-green and have a striped blush.
- VEM souvenir: an apple tree, the description of which indicates an average growth of a tree (3-4 m) and fruits, they have a beautiful red color and a weight of up to 0.1 kg.
- VEM pink differs from all other hybrids in a large number of flowers and abundant fruiting. It tolerates severe frosts typical for Eastern and Western Siberia, the Volga-Vyatka region and the Urals. The shape of the apple resembles a small sphere, painted in a rich pink color, which completely masks the natural yellow color inherent in the fruit. The weight of apples of this variety ranges from 80-90 g, but if the gardener lives in a region such as the Moscow region or Moscow, then the weight of each specimen can increase to 100-110 g.
Growing
Planting an apple tree
For planting young trees such as VEM, the best periods are early spring or early autumn. In the first case, the tree manages to easily take root along with the onset of warm days. But if a hybrid is planted in Siberia or the Urals, then climatic conditions are taken into account.These regions often experience early frosts, and spring is characterized by cold nights, so apple trees may die due to lack of time to root.
The autumn type of planting is preferable. It is carried out 20-30 days before the onset of frost. The tree has time to take root, prepare for the cold winter. After the spring awakening, the plant is already ready to grow.
Planting material is best purchased from reputable manufacturers. The length of the seedling must be at least 60-80 cm and have 6 skeletal branches. It is necessary to choose plants with a whole bark, without cracks and rotten places. The best germ age is within 2-3 years.
Apple seedlings
For planting, places are suitable where subsoil waters cannot reach, and where the liquid does not stagnate. The size of the pit for the seedling: depth 80-100 cm, and diameter 0.7-1.0 m. Peat, sand, turf are placed on the bottom. They are mixed with manure, wood ash, potassium nitrate and superphosphate (mineral fertilizers are taken in an amount of 50-60 g). The tree is set strictly vertically. A circular ditch is dug around the seedling, up to 30 liters of water is poured into it. A stake is installed nearby, which serves as a support for the plant during growth.
A distance of 3-3.5 m in a row is left between trees, and in the aisle it is increased to 4.5-5 m.
The area where the apple trees are planted should be well lit by the sun and protected from the cold wind.
Tree care involves pruning the crown in the fall and spring. All cracked and diseased branches must be removed. Water the seedlings 3-4 times during the entire growing season. If the weather is dry, hot, then the intensity of irrigation is increased.
Top dressing is recommended for trees in spring. For this, organic and mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen are suitable. In autumn, plants are fed with potash and phosphorus mixtures. Special preparations are used to destroy pests. Whitewashing the trunk is suitable as a prophylaxis against diseases.
Top dressing of an apple tree
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The advantages and main characteristics of VEM-type apple hybrids are:
- increased frost resistance;
- resistance to several types of scab;
- obtaining high yields;
- good preservation of the harvested fruits;
- transportability at any distance.
There is only one drawback - the small size of the apples.
To grow the described plants, the gardener does not need to make much effort. All trees of the VEM line are unpretentious to climatic conditions, well tolerate diseases and pest attacks. Subject to the rules of agricultural technology, any novice gardener will be able to get the desired result.
