Every year, in the process of breeding, many new varieties of fruit trees, including apple trees, are developed. The trend of fruit trees is triploid, in which cells have not two sets of chromosomes (from "father" and "mother"), but three. Apples of these varieties are much sweeter, and the size is larger than that of ordinary ones. And they bear fruit regularly without failures, as is the case with diploid fruit trees. And this article will talk about one of these fruit trees of a new category - the triploid Augustus apple.

Description of the apple tree of August

This varietal type was obtained at the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops. The following breeders worked on its creation:

  • E.N. Sedov;
  • Z. M. Serova;
  • G. A Sedysheva;
  • E. A. Dolmatov.

Experts, working together, have created more than 40 varietal types of apple trees, but the August apple tree is considered the most successful. In the process of selection, a large number of flowers taken from Orlik and Papirovka tetraploid were used. The date of breeding of the variety is considered to be 1982.

Fruit appearance

The resulting variety is recommended for planting in the central regions of Russia, as well as in the middle lane and more northern regions.

Positive qualities that brought the well-deserved popularity to this variety:

  • high frost resistance;
  • resistance to diseases and pests is above average;
  • fruits have a high content of vitamin R.

Characteristics and features of the variety

In height, these fruit trees can reach 4-4.5 m, the crown is round, slightly spreading. The main skeletal branches extend from the central trunk at an angle close to a straight line, but there are not too many of them. The ends of the shoots grow upward, so the ripening apples are perfectly illuminated by the sun's rays. The branches are thick, round, with fine pile. The crown diameter can reach 3 m.

Apple Tree Pink Pour

Shoots grow quickly: 8-11 cm per season.

The bark of the trunk and branches is gray, while the branches have a brown tint. The foliage is large, light green in color with a dull shade and slight pubescence, oval, pointed ends. The petioles are thick, pubescent, slightly dropping downward.

The fruits have a conical shape of yellow color, under the sun's rays they are covered with a slight blush, which can cover almost the entire apple. Where there is no red color, a bright yellow color is visible above and below the fruit, and in the center - yellow with a greenish tint. The skin is smooth, shiny, of medium thickness, practically not felt in food. The mass of a ripe apple is about 155 g.

Important! If the winter is frosty, and the summer is too hot and dry, the August apple tree will bear fruit every season without missing a single one.

The pulp is medium-grained, juicy, sweetish-sour. Due to its good taste, apples from this tree are used fresh, and they also make juices, make jam, preserves and marmalades.

The variety belongs to the summer, ripe apples can be picked in the second decade of August. The keeping quality of the harvested crop is low - apples can be stored for a month, then gradually lose their taste.

Fruit tree

Usually, the first harvest from a young tree is harvested 5-6 years after planting, and at 8 it reaches 19-21 kg. An adult apple tree yields up to 100-110 kg of ripe apples. But many gardeners increase the yield of the apple tree by planting summer pollinator varieties nearby, blooming at the same time as Augusta. Cross-pollination allows an increase in the number of ovaries.

Note! The harvested fruits tolerate transportation well, and their commercial quality, according to experts, is above 4 points.

The apple tree of Augusta can withstand frosts below -30 ° C, however, young trees often freeze under too harsh winters in regions with a climate like in the Leningrad region. This characteristic of frost resistance is the main advantage of the variety when choosing apple trees for growing in Siberia or the Urals.

Important! On the stock of winter varieties of Augusta, it can withstand cold temperatures down to -40 ° C and below.

These fruit trees have high resistance to many diseases, including scab. However, if nearby growing trees are affected by this disease, then it can also spread to August. Therefore, with prophylactic spraying of all fruits from scab, August should also be treated.

Agricultural technology of cultivation

The area where the seedling will be planted must be well lit, without stagnation of moisture in the soil.

Apple tree Korobovka

Planting an apple tree is carried out in early spring, until the buds begin to bloom at the tree. If the seedlings are purchased in the autumn, then they are simply added in, and the tree will need to be planted only next spring.

The depth of the planting pit should be at least 0.4 m, and the diameter should be 0.5 m. A layer of sand 5-6 cm thick is poured onto the bottom, on which a seedling is installed and a stake is inserted into which a tree is tied. The roots are carefully distributed over the entire diameter of the hole, then covered with garden soil. The root collar cannot be embedded in the ground, it should rise 2.5-3 cm above the ground level. The soil should be tamped down, and 20 liters of water should be poured under each tree.

So that the water evaporates less, after watering, the soil should be mulched with peat or humus. The layer thickness should be at least 4-6 cm.If finely chopped grass is used as mulch, then its layer should be larger - up to 10 cm.

Important! It is not worth planting an apple tree in the shade, in such conditions it will grow worse, bear less fruit, and the apples will not pick up the desired sweetness and will be less juicy.

The distance between the planting holes in the rows should be at least 4.5 m, and between the rows - up to 5.5 m.

Although this fruit tree tolerates a dry period easily, if it is watered more often, the apple tree will grow better.

During the rainy season, the trunk circle should be loosened more often so that more oxygen flows to the roots.

If this fruit crop is properly fed, then the growth of shoots will increase, and the growth of roots will accelerate. In the first 2 seasons after planting a tree, fertilizers containing a large amount of nitrogen are applied under it, which contributes to the growth of the vegetative mass of the seedling.

In the third season, the young tree should be fed with fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus.

In order for the crown of the apple tree to take the correct shape, the tree should be regularly trimmed, thereby forming its crown.

For the first time, pruning is carried out after the seedling has been planted in a permanent place. At the same time, all the upper shoots are cut so that the central trunk is no more than 1 m, and the side shoots are 10 cm shorter than it. After this procedure, the side shoots will begin to grow actively, forming fruit branches.

Subsequent pruning is carried out in the spring, until the buds swell on the shoots. During this procedure, weak, frozen or broken branches are removed.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Apple-tree Bessemyanka Michurinskaya

The positive qualities of the apple variety include:

  • high resistance to frost and a number of diseases affecting apple trees (including scab);
  • good presentation of the harvested crop and the taste of ripe apples;
  • high productivity.

There are practically no drawbacks to this fruit tree, except for the low keeping quality of the harvested crop - no more than a month, after which the apples become tasteless and lose those nutrients that were in their composition. But even during this time, you can think of where to attach the apples: canning, selling, drying.